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DEVELOPMENT OF PASSIVE SYSTEMS IN IRAQI HOUSES
Paper ID : 1307-ICESE
Authors:
Abstract:
Iraq is located in a hot arid region, where the hot summer season is very long and the ambient temperature might rise up to 50 oC. Houses are built without regard for thermal loads. Therefore, cooling of buildings by air-conditioning system consumes more than 60 % of the total electricity supplied to residential buildings. In order to minimize the energy consumption and enhance the performance of buildings, appropriate passive techniques should be used. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of passive systems in Iraqi houses. Three experimental projects were studied.

In the first project, a study was carried out to reduce energy consumption in buildings by eliminating the effect of direct solar radiation on the roof of the tested room in Baghdad in summer season. The system was proposed to spray water upon the external roof surface. It consisted of network piping, control valves, spray nozzles and thermal sensors. The results showed that, the energy transmission through the roof surface is reduced by 90 % from 44 W/m2 to only 4 W/m2.

In the second project, the tested room in Baghdad had insulated using a new insulator which is the reflected carbon sheet. The results revealed that, sufficient insulation system used could save the annual cooling load for existing building up to 50 %, and that, the indoor temperature in summer time could be reduced from 42 oC to less than 35 oC.

In the third project, a new model had built in Kirkuk according to passive house criteria with a reference traditional model as well. The results revealed that, the annual load could be saved by about 85 %, and that, the indoor temperature could be reduced to less than 30 oC in summer time.

The conclusions of these projects gave a good indication that, using a passive system has a great effect to reduce the energy demand, fuel consumption and green house effects.
Keywords:
Energy conservation, Passive system, Passivhaus, Insulation, Underground cooling, Spray water
Status : Paper Accepted